3921 results for "*geneti*"

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• Comprehensive survey for the construction of an integrated database of food, gut microbiome, and health information (the "Sukoyaka Health Survey"). A study on the relationship between food and health and genetic background.

  We conducted a cohort-based study to investigate the association between the genetic background and diet/lifestyle in 50 healthy Japanese. We analyzed some participants living in Miyazaki. The SNP array (Japonica Array v2) was used for genotyping. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing of fecal microbiome and metabolome of feces and blood were analyzed.

  Study JGAS000679

• Multi-omic profiling of patient-derived pancreatic tumor organoids

  We conducted multi-omic profiling of patient-derived pancreatic cancer organoids and genetically engineered normal pancreas organoids.

  Study JGAS000719

• Application of organoid culture system of human gastrointestinal and thoracic cancer in genome medicine

  In order to establish preclinical models, we have established three kinds of lung cancer tumoroids derived from three different pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma patients. We performed whole exome sequencing to analyze genetic background of these kinds of tumoroids.

  Study JGAS000641

• Exome analysis of cardiomyopathy patients with TNNT2 variant

  This research aims to identify genetic background of cardiomyopathy patients with TNNT2 pathogenic variants by exome analysis.

  Study JGAS000567

• Unraveling the heterogeneity of multiple myeloma identifies therapy resistant subpopulation with vulnerability to the splicing pathway intervention

  Intra-tumor heterogeneity underlies the therapy resistance of multiple myeloma (MM). However, its details remain unknown. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing coupled with VDJ targeted sequencing on highly purified bone marrow lineage marker-negative CD38+ MM cells from patients at diagnosis and in remission. This approach successfully subdivided MM cells into distinct clusters, unraveling their heterogeneity and plasticity on the axis of cell surface CD138 expression. Notably, unique clusters were identified in the minor CD138-negative population that resisted therapies. CRISPR/Cas9 screening of upregulated genes in the resistant population identified their vulnerability to the splicing pathway inhibition, among which RNA-binding protein 39 (RBM39) appeared to be overexpressed in the resistant population and involved in aberrant splicing. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of RBM39 exerted a profound synthetic lethal effect on them. Our results unveil an uncharacterized subpopulation associated with therapy resistance and provide a novel therapeutic strategy targeting the splicing pathway in MM.

  Study JGAS000723

• Whole-genome-sequencing, Whole-exome-sequencing and RNA-sequencing in Sporadic ALS

  To identify the genetic cause and modifiers of Sporadic ALS, we performed Whole-genome-sequencing, Whole-exome-sequencing and RNA-sequencing of Sporadic ALS patients.

  Study JGAS000393

• LEF1 knockdown effects on human T cell transcriptome and chromatin accessibility profiles.

  LEF1 (Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1) is a key transcription factor in T cell development and function, and its dysregulation has been implicated in various immune-related disorders. This study aimed to comprehensively characterize the transcriptional and epigenetic changes induced by LEF1 knockdown in human T cells. CD3+ T cells isolated from three healthy donors were transfected with either LEF1-specific siRNA or control siRNA, followed by activation with CD3/CD28 Dynabeads and culture in IL-2-containing media. Cells were harvested at 24, 48 and 72 hours post-transfection for multi-omics analysis including bulk RNA-seq, bulk ATAC-seq, single-cell CITE-seq (For CITE-seq, 48 and 72 hours only). This dataset provides insights into LEF1-dependent gene regulatory networks and chromatin accessibility patterns in activated human T cells, contributing to our understanding of T cell biology and potential therapeutic targets. This dataset is part of a comprehensive study investigating functional roles of risk polymorphisms in autoimmune diseases, particularly focusing on the rs58107865 variant at the LEF1 locus.

  Study JGAS000818

• Singel-cell RNA sequencing and CUT&RUN sequencing of human RUNX2-deficient osteoblasts

  Runx2 is a master regulator of bone formation, and its dysfunction causes cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) in humans. When iPS cells were generated from patients with CCD and Runx2-deficient iPS cells were generated using gene-editing techniques, abnormal laminopathy-like nuclei were observed. Runx2-deficient cells showed reduced Lamin A/C expression, but not protein levels. However, in Runx2-deficient cells, both the gene expression and protein levels of Nesprin-1 were reduced, perinuclear actin fibers were sparser, and nuclear stiffness was reduced. Forced expression of Lamin A/C increased nuclear stiffness but did not improve nuclear morphology. In contrast, the induction of Nesprin-1 expression alone normalized nuclear stiffness and restored nuclear morphology and perinuclear actin distribution. In Runx2-null cells, mechanical stress-induced phosphorylation of emerin was not observed. In contrast, forced expression of nesprin-1 in Runx2-null cells resulted in phosphorylation of emerin, indicating the restoration of intracellular tension. These observations were confirmed by atomic force microscopy. Therefore, the intracellular tension was inferred to pull the nuclear membrane into its normal shape. CUT&RUN assay and single RNA-seq analysis showed that an aberrant nuclear membrane caused loss of nuclear lamina gene regulation machinery, making the progression of normal osteogenic differentiation impossible; however, supplementation with Nesprin-1 restored gene regulation mechanisms and promoted pre-osteoblast formation with normal nuclear morphology. Nesprin-1 expression induced by Runx2 is essential for epigenetic regulation of the nuclear lamina. We propose CCD as a new type of laminopathy involving defective expression of Nesprin-1 regulated by Runx2.

  Study JGAS000663

• Genetic and epigenetic analysis of individuals with porokeratosis

  We performed genome sequencing���including whole-exome sequencing (WES), whole-genome sequencing (WGS), long-read WGS, and amplicon-seq���along with SNP array, methylation array, and RNA-seq on samples of epidermis (both lesion and non-lesion), peripheral blood, and/or cultured keratinocytes from individuals with porokeratosis.

  Study JGAS000684

• In vitro reconstitution of epigenetic reprogramming in the human germ line

  Epigenetic reprogramming resets parental epigenetic memories and differentiates primordial germ cells (PGCs) into mitotic pro-spermatogonia or oogonia, ensuring sexually dimorphic germ-cell development for totipotency. In vitro reconstitution of epigenetic reprogramming in humans remains a fundamental challenge. Here, we establish a robust strategy for inducing epigenetic reprogramming and differentiation of pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-derived human PGC-like cells (hPGCLCs) into mitotic pro-spermatogonia or oogonia, coupled with their extensive amplification (~>1010-fold). Strikingly, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling is a key driver of these processes: BMP-driven hPGCLC differentiation involves an attenuation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) pathway and both de novo and maintenance DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) activities, likely promoting replication-coupled, passive DNA demethylation. On the other hand, hPGCLCs deficient in tens-eleven translocation (TET) 1, an active DNA demethylase abundant in human germ cells, differentiate into extraembryonic cells, including amnion, with de-repression of key genes bearing bivalent promoters; these cells fail to fully activate genes vital for spermatogenesis and oogenesis, with their promoters remaining methylated. Our study elucidates the framework of epigenetic reprogramming in humans, making a fundamental advance in human biology, and through the generation of abundant mitotic pro-spermatogonia and oogonia-like cells, represents a milestone for human in vitro gametogenesis (IVG) research and its potential translation into reproductive medicine.

  Study JGAS000690