3901 results for "*geneti*"

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• Whole Exome Sequencing Data of prDLBCL

  We used sequenced 34 prDLBCL samples using whole exome sequencing (WES) data to evaluate possible mutational signatures and driver mutations associated with the patient’s clinical and cytogenetic characteristics.

  Dataset EGAD50000000591

• DNAmet

  DNAmet analysis of olfactory mucosa (OM) cells derived from cognitively healthy and individuals with AD exposed to traffic-related ultrafine particles (UFPs) for 72h in submerged cultures. The UFPs used for exposures were: A0 and A20. Exposures were compared to the corresponding blank samples.

  Study EGAS50000001051

• miRNA seq

  miRNA Sequencing of olfactory mucosa (OM) cells derived from cognitively healthy and individuals with AD exposed to traffic-related ultrafine particles (UFPs) for 72h in submerged cultures. The UFPs used for exposures were: A0 and A20. Exposures were compared to the corresponding blank samples.

  Study EGAS50000001050

• Diagnostic Genomic Analysis is Prognostic in AYA ALL Patients Treated on a MRD-Stratified Paediatric Protocol

  Background: Over the last decade, next generation sequencing has enabled classification of multiple new recurrent genomic drivers of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We provide a comprehensive genomic survey of adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients treated on the Australasian Leukaemia and Lymphoma Group (ALLG) ALL06 study. ALL06 clinical trial described the efficacy and tolerability of AYA ALL patients aged 15-39 years treated on a single minimal residual disease (MRD)-stratified platform. In this study we have taken the ALL06 cohort and retrospectively performed comprehensive genomic analyses assessing response of AYA patients with various genomic subtypes treated with a paediatric approach. Methods: Genomic risk classification of B- and T-ALL patients (n=57) enrolled to the study was based on mRNA-Sequencing, MLPA, immunophenotyping and cytogenetics. Results: Using this approach, 36/40 (90%) B- and 13/17 (76.5%) T-ALL patients were classified according to genomic risk. We have linked outcome data with each patient’s genomic risk and found a strong correlation between adverse genomic risk and MRD at the end of consolidation, translating to inferior overall and relapse free survival. Patients with adverse risk genomics who achieved negative MRD status had improved responses compared to those with persistent MRD. Patients with standard risk genomics had excellent responses regardless of their MRD status. Conclusion: Our data argue strongly for incorporation of a genomic risk classification into future ALL treatment paradigms at the time of diagnosis.

  Study EGAS50000000752

• Whole Exome Sequencing Data of indolent primary renal B-Cell lymphomas

  We used sequenced 34 iNHL samples using whole exome sequencing (WES) data to evaluate possible mutational signatures and driver mutations associated with the patient’s clinical and cytogenetic characteristics.

  Study EGAS50000000774

• Genetic and Hormonal Contributions to Gene Expression in Immune Cells

  The origins of sex differences in human disease are elusive, in part because of difficulties in separating the effects of sex hormones and sex chromosomes. To isolate the effects of testosterone, estradiol, and sex chromosome complement (XX or XY) in humans, we implemented a four-state, cross-sectional study design of trans- and cisgender individuals, the former receiving exogenous testosterone or estradiol for at least a year as part of their gender-affirming medical care. This study design allowed us to compare four combinations of sex hormones and sex chromosomes in humans: XX individuals treated with exogenous testosterone (n=21), XY individuals treated with exogenous estradiol (n=13), untreated XX individuals (n=20), and untreated XY individuals (n=15). We chose to focus on the human immune system because it displays an impressively broad range of sex-differential biology. We collected blood samples from each individual and isolated PBMCs the same day. We performed 10X Genomics 3' single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) on PBMCs from the 69 individuals. We generated 150-bp paired end reads from a total of 358,426 cells (with an average of 48,007 reads/cell) and identified 18 distinct immune cell types. We found that testosterone, estradiol, and sex chromosome complement have unique, non-overlapping effects on PBMC cell abundances and gene expression.

  Study phs003860

• Childhood Cancer Data Initiative (CCDI): NCI-COG Pediatric MATCH Precision Medicine Clinical Trial

  The National Cancer Institute-Children's Oncology Group (NCI-COG) Pediatric Molecular Analysis for Therapy Choice (MATCH) trial provides a framework for biomarker-driven early phase trials of targeted therapies in pediatric and young adult cancer patients across the United States. Pediatric MATCH enrolled more than 1,300 patients with treatment-refractory cancers, offering access to molecular screening and investigational targeted therapies. To further advance this, matched diagnostic, refractory tumor, and normal samples from Pediatric MATCH cases were molecularly characterized, creating one of the largest comprehensive data sets available for childhood cancers. This analysis has the potential to provide novel insights into the genetics of refractory pediatric, adolescent, and young adult cancers, as well as inform potential therapeutic strategies. The following molecular characterization assays were performed: Tumor whole exome sequencing (WES) Tumor whole genome sequencing (WGS) Tumor RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) Blood whole exome sequencing (WES) Blood whole genome sequencing (WGS)

  Study phs002883

• dbGaP Collection: NIH Autism -omics Studies

  Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are early onset neurodevelopmental syndromes characterized by impairments in reciprocal social interaction and communication, accompanied by restricted and repetitive behaviors. ASDs afflict ~1% of the human population, and represent a major public health burden. Evidence for the etiology of ASD has consistently pointed to a strong genetic component, though the genetic architecture is indisputably complex. This dbGaP Collection consists of studies that include GWAS, sequencing (targeted, exome, whole genome), transcriptomics, etc, across many different cohorts. Many of the datasets have been curated and harmonized with NDAR prior to submission to dbGaP. Researchers who request and are approved to access this collection will be granted access to all related substudies in dbGaP as well as all NDAR data. Individual level genomics data will only be available for download through dbGaP along with minimal phenotype and pedigree information. Detailed phenotype and available imaging data related to these same research subjects are available for query and download within NDAR. The NDAR GUID will allow individual genomic data to be associated with all NDAR data collected for those subjects.

  Study phs000764

• Genetic Analysis of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) Hypomelanotic Macules

  In this study we searched for mutations in the TSC1 and TSC2 genes in cultured melanocytes from individuals with the genetic disease Tuberous Sclerosis Complex.

  Study phs001236

• dbGaP Collection: Open Translational Science in Schizophrenia (OPTICS)

  Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe, disabling brain disorder that affects approximately 1% of the population worldwide. Epidemiologic studies have clearly demonstrated that genetics play a strong role in etiology, but the inheritance is very complex. Innovative analytic approaches and creative ways of combining disparate data sets will be necessary for making breakthroughs in identifying causal pathways and ultimately new drug targets. This dbGaP Collection consists of all genetic studies of schizophrenia available in dbGaP that have been consented for general research use. The goal is to facilitate identification of datasets with related scientific content in order to expedite the application process and ascertainment of datasets of interest for increased scientific discovery. The Open Translational Science in Schizophrenia (OPTICS) Project, was launched by Janssen Research & Development, LLC, part of the Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, with a group of leading research organizations including the National Institutes of Health, Yale University School of Medicine, Rutgers University and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, to create a new forum for collaborative analysis of Janssen's schizophrenia clinical trial data and other publicly available data about schizophrenia with the goal of creating new models for conducting research. The OPTICS project is one part of a larger effort at Janssen and other Johnson & Johnson research companies to share clinical trials data to enhance public health and advance science and medicine. Qualified investigators and physicians may apply for access to anonymized clinical trials data from Janssen, for more information please visit https://sites.google.com/site/opticsschizophrenia/.

  Study phs000887

• dbGaP Collection: Compilation of Individual-Level Genomic Data for General Research Use

  This dbGaP Collection contains all authorized individual-level genomic datasets currently in dbGaP that are approved for General Research Use (GRU) and have no further limitations beyond those outlined in the model Data Use Certification Agreement. Access to this study will include any additional authorized individual-level GRU datasets that become available. Renewal of this study is required annually. Data Included in this Study Individual-level genomic data designated for general research use with no further use limitations or restrictions, that is, Data use does not require approval by an Institutional Review Board for secondary analyses Data have no publication embargo Data have no other use limitations (e.g., requirement for collaboration or publication; restricted for use by academic or not-for-profit organizations; restricted to health, medical, and/or biomedical research) In response to requests from the scientific community, the NIH implemented a change in the procedures for accessing individual-level GRU genomic data. Under the modified procedures, interested investigators can request GRU individual-level genomic datasets with a single application. However, please note that these data have not been harmonized. Additionally, to help expedite the processing of requests for individual-level GRU genomic datasets, the requests will be reviewed by a single, central Data Access Committee. The process for requesting these datasets is identical to the request process for non-GRU individual-level, controlled-access data, such as the expectation that investigators will abide by the NIH Policy for Sharing of Data Obtained in NIH Supported or Conducted Genome-Wide Association Studies and Data Use Certification Agreement. Effective April 24, 2018, the Data Use Limitations (DUL) for the Genes and Blood Clotting Study (GABC) (phs000304) was updated to Health/Medical/Biomedical, Not-for-profit Use Only (HMB-NPU). Additionally, the submitting institutions have requested the removal of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) "Grand Opportunity" Exome Sequencing Project (GO-ESP) Lung Cohorts Exome Sequencing Project: Genetic modifiers of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) lung infection acquisition in cystic fibrosis (phs000254) from the dbGaP Compilation of Individual-Level Genomic Data for General Research Use (dbGaP Compilation) (phs000688). As such, data from studies phs000304 and phs000254 are no longer available as part of the dbGaP Compilation (phs000688). Investigators must submit separate Data Access Requests (DARs) for the two studies and be approved by the NHLBI Data Access Committee.

  Study phs000688

• CSER: Exome Sequencing in Diverse Populations in Colorado and Oregon/CHARM Cancer Health Assessments Reaching Many

  The CHARM (Cancer Health Assessment Reaching Many) study, part of the Clinical Sequencing Evidence-Generating Research (CS.ER2) effort, aimed to assess the utility of clinical exome sequencing and how it affects care in diverse populations. The study population included adults at risk for hereditary cancer syndromes. The primary objective was the implementation of a hereditary cancer risk assessment program in healthy 18-49 year-olds in primary care settings within a vertically integrated health delivery system (Kaiser Permanente) and a federal qualified health center (Denver Health). The investigators aimed to assess clinical exome sequencing implementation and interpretation, as well as tailored interactions for low health literacy including a contextualized consent process, and a modified approach to results disclosure and genetic counseling. The investigators were also assessing the clinical utility (healthcare utilization and adherence to recommended care) and personal utility of primary and additional results from clinical exome sequencing, and evaluate the ethical and policy implications of considering personal utility of genomic information decisions for health care coverage.Sequencing and analysis for CHARM was conducted at the Northwest Clinical Genomics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle (https://nwgc.gs.washington.edu/).

  Study phs002111

• The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) Human Genetics Resource Center: DNA and Cell Line Repository (the NINDS Repository): Motor Neuron/Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Study

  The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) Human Genetics Resource Center: DNA and Cell Line Repository (the NINDS Repository), banks phenotypic data and biological samples, including from individuals with motor neuron disease, in order to facilitate gene discovery in neurological disorders. Those samples are used in a number of studies, and genotyping data from studies using this resource are encouraged to be shared via dbGaP. Many studies have already shared data in this fashion, which in turn, can be linked back to the biologicals banked at the NINDS Repository. Motor Neuron Disease is characterized by selective degeneration of the motor neurons of the spinal cord, brainstem, or motor cortex. Clinical subtypes are distinguished by the major site of degeneration. In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), there is involvement of upper, lower, and brainstem motor neurons. In progressive muscular atrophy and related syndromes, the motor neurons in the spinal cord are primarily affected. With progressive bulbar palsy, the initial degeneration occurs in the brainstem. In primary lateral sclerosis, the cortical neurons are affected in isolation (Adams et al, Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p 1089). The Motor Neuron Disease Collection of DNA and cell lines in the NINDS Repository is largely Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis cases (others include progressive muscular atrophy, primary lateral sclerosis, progressive bulbar palsy, Kennedy's disease). Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common form of motor neuron disease (MND). Although ALS is the most common MND, it is still a relatively rare disease with an incidence of around 1.6 per 100,000 in the United States. It is currently incurable and treatment is largely limited to supportive care. Family history is associated with an increased risk of ALS, and many Mendelian causes have been discovered (including SOD1). However, most forms of the disease are not obviously familial. It is suspected that the sporadic forms of neurodegenerative disorders are caused by multiple genetic variants that individually make relatively weak contributions to risk. There is also an associated Control collection (see dbGaP and Coriell). Studies in motor Neuron Disease may use cases from the NINDS repository, controls from the NINDS repository, as well as cases, and controls, from other sources. A subset of subjects from The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) Human Genetics Resource Center: DNA and Cell Line Repository (the NINDS Repository): Motor Neuron/Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Study was utilized in the Genome-wide genotyping in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and neurologically normal controls: first stage analysis and public release of data study. Note: The publication Chio et al., 2009 states that "Raw sample-level genotype data from the initial GWAS study ... are available for download through the dbGAP portal (phs000006.v1.p1)". Instead, please follow this link: phs000101.v1.p1.

  Study phs000006

• Coding and regulatory somatic profiling of triple-negative breast cancer in Sub-Saharan African patients

  The burden of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) may be shaped by genetic factors, particularly inherited and somatic mutation profiles. However, data on this topic remain limited, especially for the African continent, where a higher TNBC incidence is observed. In the age of precision medicine, cataloguing TNBC diversity in African patients becomes imperative. We performed whole exome sequencing, including untranslated regions, on 30 samples from Angola and Cape Verde, which allowed to ascertain on potential regulatory mutations in TNBC for the first time. A high somatic burden was observed for the African cohort, with 86% of variants being so far unreported. Recurring to predictive functional algorithms, 17% of the somatic single nucleotide variants were predicted to be deleterious at the protein level, and 20% overlapped with candidate cis-regulatory elements controlling gene expression. Several of these somatic functionally-impactful mutations and copy number variation (mainly in 1q, 8q, 6 and 10p) occur in known BC- and all cancer-driver genes, enriched for several cancer mechanisms, including response to radiation and related DNA repair mechanisms. TP53 is the top of these known BC-driver genes, but our results identified possible novel TNBC driver genes that may play a main role in the African context, as TTN, CEACAM7, DEFB132, COPZ2 and GAS1. These findings emphasize the need to expand cancer omics screenings across the African continent, the region of the globe with highest genomic diversity, accelerating the discovery of new somatic mutations and cancer-related pathways.

  Study EGAS50000001013

• Single-cell transcriptional mapping reveals genetic and hierarchy-based determinants of aberrant differentiation in AML

  Therapeutic targeting of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has in part been hampered by profound cell state heterogeneity among leukemia cells. To develop a more precise understanding of leukemia cell states in AML, we constructed a reference atlas of human hematopoiesis from 263,519 single cell transcriptomes spanning 55 cellular states. Using this atlas, we mapped over 1.2 million single-cell transcriptomes spanning 318 myeloid leukemia samples. This uncovered twelve recurrent patterns of aberrant differentiation in AML and additional leukemia cell states involving lymphoid and erythroid progenitors. Systematic mapping of genotype-to-phenotype associations revealed specific differentiation landscapes associated with >45 genetic drivers. Importantly, AML samples sharing common genetic driver alterations can have distinct cellular origins which inform the cellular identity of their disease-sustaining leukemia stem cell (LSC). Further, distinct LSC-driven hierarchies can co-exist within individual patients. Thus, precise mapping of malignant cell states provides insights into leukemogenesis, refines disease classification, and informs therapy development.

  Study EGAS50000000918

• 10X single cell RNA- and feature barcode sequencing of 38 AML samples

  This dataset contains fastq-files from single cell 3' RNA- and feature barcode sequencing of AML samples using 10X technology (Chromium Single Cell 3ʹ Reagent Kit v3). In total, the dataset contains data from 38 AML samples from either bone marrow or peripheral blood, representing the following genetic subtypes: NPM1-mutated, myelodysplasia related, TP53-mutated, CBFB::MYH11, RUNX1::RUNX1T1, AML without class-defining mutations, and AML meeting criteria of two subtypes. The data consists of sequenced gene expression libraries from 38 samples and feature barcoding libraries covering a panel of 10-14 surface proteins for 34 samples.

  Dataset EGAD50000001577

• Genetic and Epigenetic Screens in Primary Human T Cells Link Candidate Causal Autoimmune Variants to T Cell Networks

  We aimed to define the target genes and pathways in which autoimmune disease-associated genetic variants operate. We performed single cell-CRISPR-interference screens in primary human T cells and bulk RNA-seq on T cells containing CRISPRi and single gRNAs to assess how T cell regulatory regions containing autoimmune-associated genetic variants affect nearby gene expression and cellular programs.

  Study phs004072

• DAC for Central African ancient demography processes NGS dataset

  Title DAC Ancient tree-topologies and gene-flow processes among human lineages in Africa Contacts: Paul Verdu +33144057317 paul.verdu@mnhn.fr CNRS-MNHN-Université de Paris UMR7206 Eco-anthropology Short description The Data Access Committee for acess to genotype and sample information used in the article "Ancient tree-topologies and gene-flow processes among human lineages in Africa" by Gwenna Breton et al. 2025 ensures that data-access requests comply with the Informed Consent provided by donors, and with ethical and deontological guidelines with respect to privacy. DNA samples from individuals were collected with the subjects’ informed consent following the Declaration of Helsinki guidelines and approved by the following Ethics committees: Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD, France); Cameroon Ministry of Scientific Research and Technology; Central African Republic Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique; France Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur, de la Recherche et de l’Innovation (Comité de Protection des Personnes DC-2016-2740); French Commission Nationale Informatique et Liberté CNIL (declaration n°1972648); Uganda National Council for Science and Technology; Institutional Review Board of the University of Chicago Biological Sciences Division and the Pritzker School of Medicine University of Chicago Hospitals (protocol number 16986A); Committee for the Protection of Human Subjects of the Trustees of Dartmouth College and the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center (protocol number 22410); Human Research Ethics Committee (Medical) at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (Protocol Numbers: M980553, M050902, M090576, M10270, M180654); Working Group of Indigenous Minorities in Southern Africa (WIMSA); South African San Council (SASC); and the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (Dnr 2019-05174). Requests for accessing all or part of the Central African data used in the article "Ancient tree-topologies and gene-flow processes among human lineages in Africa", by Gwenna Breton et al. 2024 (doi - PENDING), should be addressed to the DAC providing: 1) Data can only be used to explore human genetic evolution, evolutionary ecology and population history 2) The research institution where data will be stored and were analyses will be conducted. 3) The detailed coordinates of the researcher responsible for data storage and analyses. 4) A description (max 20 sentences) of the scientific finality and context of the project and classes of methodological analyses that will be performed to achieve it using the requested data. 5) When applicable, mention also other previously published data sets that will be used jointly with the requested datas et For accessing any or all the Central African genetic data used in the article "Ancient tree-topologies and gene-flow processes among human lineages in Africa", by Gwenna Breton et al. 2024 (doi - PENDING), the requester hereby ensures that: 1) Individual donor privacy should be respected at all times. Data cannot be made publicly available under any circumstances. 2) Data cannot be shared nor transferred to a third party without re-applying for eGA access to the DAC. 3) No direct or indirect commercial use of the data can be made 4) No individual medical genetics or disease diagnostics can be performed with the data 5) No medical or legal forensic investigations can be conducted with the data 6) No genealogical research can be conducted with the data (e.g. no paternity nor maternity testing, no genetic identification, no search of relatives using other datasets) 7) Appropriate citation of the article and data set used for any scientific communication using the data 8) Data is destroyed after the completion of the project. Any further re-use of the data is subject to a novel application to the DAC.

  Dac EGAC50000000447

• MATISSE Whole-exome sequencing data

  Sample availability: WES was performed on 41 available baseline tumor and blood samples (22 CCRs/MPRs, 5 PPRs, 14 CRN/NPRs). Tumor DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) primary tumor and lymph node metastasis sections containing at least 10% viable tumor cells present in the sample. A pathologist (LS) scored the tumor percentage and indicated the most tumor-dense region on a hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain slide for subsequent DNA isolation. According to the manufacturer's protocol, five to 10 FFPE slides (10 µm) were used for DNA isolation using the AllPrep DNA FFPE isolation kit (Qiagen, 80234) and the QIAcube. Germline DNA was isolated from baseline PBMCs using the AllPrep DNA / RNA / miRNA Universal isolation kit (Qiagen, 80224) and the QIAcube, according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Genetic Diagnostics and Sequencing Services (CeGaT) performed whole-exome sequencing sequencing in Germany. Data processing: Demultiplexing of the sequencing reads was performed with Illumina bcl2fastq (v2.20). Adapters of the reads were trimmed with Skewer (v0.2.2), without quality trimming. Sequencing reads were aligned with BWA (v0.7.17) to the human reference genome GRCh38 (Ensemble, v105). Duplicated reads were marked using Picard (v2.25.0) MarkDuplicates, after which quality scores were recalibrated using GATK4 (4.2.2.0) BaseRecalibrator. FastQC (v0.12.1), MultiQC (v1.14), Mosdepth (v0.3.3) and NGScheckmate (v1.0.1) were used for assessing data quality, on FASTQ files and intermediate processing steps.

  Dataset EGAD50000001469

• MATISSE bulk RNA-sequencing data

  Tumor availability: Bulk RNA sequencing was performed on tumor biopsies of 48 patients at baseline and 45 patients across time points (baseline n=48, week 1 n=38, week 2 n=34, week 4 n=37), including lymph node metastasis that were sequenced in addition to the primary tumor. Tumor RNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) primary tumor and lymph node metastasis sections containing at least 10% viable tumor cells present in the sample, except for on-treatment samples with a complete pathological response in which we isolated samples with at least 10% immune-infiltration with no viable tumor cells. A pathologist (LS) scored the tumor percentage and indicated the most tumor-dense region on a hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain slide for subsequent RNA isolation. According to the manufacturer's protocol, five to 10 FFPE slides (10 µm) were used for RNA isolation using the AllPrep DNA/RNA FFPE isolation kit (Qiagen, 80234) and the QIAcube. Genetic Diagnostics and Sequencing Services (CeGaT) performed RNA sequencing in Germany. Data processing: Demultiplexing of the sequencing reads was performed with Illumina bcl2fastq (v2.20). Adapters of the reads (Pico v2 SMART adapter, first three nucleotides of the second sequencing read) were trimmed with Skewer (v0.2.2), without quality trimming. RNA-sequencing data was aligned to GRCh38 (Ensembl v109) using STAR (v2.7.9) in 2-pass mode with default settings. Gene counts were generated with the HTSeq (v2.0.2). FastQC (v0.12.1) and MultiQC (v1.14) were used for assessing data quality, on FASTQ files and intermediate processing steps.

  Dataset EGAD50000001470

• A prospective study identifies MisMatch Repair genes as candidate predisposing genes for uveal melanoma.

  Objective: The aim of this study is to identify new predisposing genes for uveal melanoma (UM), the most common intraocular malignancy in adults. Design: Prospective cohort study from Institut Curie. Participants: 381 unselected patients diagnosed with UM between July 2021 and February 2023 at Institut Curie. Methods: All patients received genetic counseling and consented to extended genetic testing. A panel of 122 genes was analyzed by targeted sequencing on germline DNA from these patients. Main outcomes measures: UM was diagnosed by ophthalmologists at Institut Curie, and a senior pathologist confirmed the diagnosis when tumor or biopsy was available. Classification of the germline genetic variants was performed according to the ACMG guidelines. Results: We identified at least one pathogenic variant (PV) in 79 patients. Among those variants, 20 were found in clinically relevant genes for the patient’s follow-up and genetic counseling. We found a significant enrichment of germline pathogenic variants in Mismatch Repair (MMR) MLH1, MSH2 and MSH6 genes in this UM cohort, suggesting that MMR germline alterations could predispose to UM. From this cohort, one tumor was available from a patient carrying a MLH1 germline mutation. The tumor was characterized by a monosomy 3, in line with a loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of MLH1, located on chromosome 3. Loss of expression of MLH1 and PMS2 was observed by immunohistochemistry, and MMR mutational signatures SBS6, ID1 and ID2 were identified from the whole genome sequencing of the tumor. These data suggest that MLH1 is implicated in the oncogenesis of this UM. Conclusions: This study is the largest prospective constitutional study performed on UM patients, and the first demonstrating that MMR germline alterations are significantly enriched among these patients. Further analyses will be needed to estimate the risk of developing UM for patients with Lynch syndrome

  Study EGAS50000000914

• B cell receptor silencing reveals origin and dependencies of high-grade B cell lymphomas with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements

  High-grade B cell lymphomas with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements (HGBCL-DH-BCL2) represent highly aggressive Germinal center (GC) derived B cell malignancies with dismal prognosis and limited therapeutic options. In the present study, we investigated the expression of BCR complex components, including immunoglobulin (IG) heavy (H) and light (L) chains, and CD79A and CD79B signaling subunits in HGBCL-DH-BCL2, scoring 65% of cases with undetectable IGH immunoreactivity (IGHUND). Transcriptomics (bulk RNA-seq) and genetic (whole exome/genome sequencing) analyses indicated that IGHUND and IGH+ HGBCL-DH-BCL2 lymphomas represent distinct biological entities. Specifically, IGHUND HGBCL-DH-BCL2 exhibit a GC DZ-like molecular program, and select subset-specific gene mutations pointing to distinct evolutionary trajectories respect to the IGH+ counterparts. IG profiling revealed that IGHUND HGBCL-DH-BCL2 preserved potentially productive, hypermutated IGH variable (V) gene rearrangements, indicating a selective advantage conferred to the malignant B cells by residual IGH molecules. Accordingly, disruption of the productively rearranged IGHG1 gene in BCRnull HGBCL-DH-BCL2 cell line model confirmed the dependency on IGH expression for optimal fitness. Using transcriptomics and in situ RNA-scope analysis, we reported that IGHUND HGBCL-DH-BCL2 originated from IG-class switched GC B cells, while IGH-expressing tumors were selected for continuous IGM expression. Moreover, while IGH+ HGBCL-DH-BCL2 favor IGM/IG-Kappa expression, IGHUND counterparts complete IG-Lambda light chain rearrangements. Notably, BCR silencing, caused by accelerated IGH turnover and reduced IGH expression, precedes HGBCL-DH-BCL2 onset, inducing RAG1/2-dependent IG light chain editing and eventually facilitating t(8;22)/IGL::MYC translocations. Finally, IGH silencing observed in HGBCL-DH-BCL2 cell models, which leads to intracellular retention/silencing of CD79B, results in reduced sensitivity to the CD79B-targeting antibody-drug conjugate Polatuzumab-vedotin. Collectively, HGBCL-DH-BCL2 originates from isotype-switched t(14;18)+ GC B cells that undergo IG light chain editing fuelling intra-clonal diversification, BCR silencing, and the acquisition of t(8;22) translocation, while preserving IGH dependency.

  Study EGAS50000001047

• Genomic determinants of response and resistance to inotuzumab in B-ALL

  Inotuzumab Ozogamicin (InO) is an antibody-drug conjugate which delivers calicheamicin to CD22-expressing cells. In a retrospective cohort of InO treated B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) patients, we sought to understand the genomic determinants of response to InO. Acquired CD22 mutations were observed in 11% (3/27) of post-InO relapsed samples. CD22 mutation types were diverse (frameshift, nonsense, missense and stoploss) and we identified multiple mechanisms of mutation induced CD22 escape, including protein truncation, protein destabilization, and epitope alteration. Accelerated acquisition of mutations by error-prone DNA damage repair could drive CD22 mutation and escape. Acquired loss-of-function mutations in TP53, ATM and CDKN2A were observed, suggesting compromise of the G1/S DNA damage checkpoint as a mechanism of evading InO-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, genetic alterations modulating CD22 expression and DNA damage response influence InO efficacy. The diverse mechanisms of CD22 escape advocates for a refined approach for monitoring CD22-targeted therapy.

  Study EGAS50000000067

• DHODH is a synthetic-lethal vulnerability in BCOR-deficient acute myeloid leukemia

  Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) remains challenging to treat, especially in cases with mutations in the BCL-6 co- repressor (BCOR), which are associated with poor prognosis and chemo-resistance. In this study, we reveal a synthetic lethal interaction between BCOR and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). We demonstrate that BCOR-deficient cells have a heightened sensitivity to DHODH inhibitors such as brequinar and leflunomide, that are already in clinical use. We confirm that DHODH inhibition selectively induces cell death in BCOR-mutant cells in multiple cellular models, in malignant and non-malignant cells, through chemical and genetic manipulation. Interestingly, we find that the dependency on DHODH does not stem from its role in de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis disruption. Rather, DHODH’s role in the electron transport chain, essential for mitigating reactive oxygen species, may be the physiological vulnerability that pushes BCOR-mutant cells toward cell death when DHODH is inhibited. DHODH inhibitors could be repurposed as targeted therapies for BCOR-mutant tumors, offering a promising strategy for precision medicine in AML and other cancers.

  Study EGAS50000001108

• Uncovering Gene Regulatory Differences between Human and Chimpanzee Neural Cells

  A major challenge in human evolutionary biology is to pinpoint the genetic differences that underlie phenotypic changes in the human lineage, such as increased neuron number and a prolonged period of neuronal maturation. Here, we used human-chimpanzee tetraploid cells to distinguish changes in gene expression due to cis-acting sequence variants that change local gene regulation, from trans expression changes due to species differences in the cellular environment, in neural progenitor cells and excitatory neurons using RNA-seq and ATAC-seq. Using a CRISPR inhibition screen with scRNA-seq, transcription factor motif analyses with CUT&Tag, and downstream single-locus studies with RNA-seq, we further characterized cis-acting gene regulatory differences, including changes to FOS, TNIK, FOSL2, and MAZ, that influence neurogenesis and neuronal maturation. This study identifies specific genomic changes that may contribute to human neural specializations and provides a general framework for understanding genetic differences that underlie human traits.

  Study phs004053